After the plague, God commands a second census of men twenty years and older for military service and land distribution. The total of 601,730 shows slight decrease from the first census, with significant tribal population shifts over forty years. Of the original exodus generation, only Joshua, Caleb, and Moses remain; all others who were counted at Sinai have died in the wilderness as God decreed.
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Read Numbers Chapter 26 Summary
Characters in This Chapter

Leader of Israel through the wilderness, mediator between God and the people

High priest of Israel, brother of Moses

Prophetess, sister of Moses and Aaron

One of the faithful spies, future leader of Israel

One of the faithful spies who believed God's promise

Pagan prophet hired to curse Israel but compelled to bless them

Firstborn of Jacob, Who Lost His Birthright

Levite who Rebelled Against Moses

The One Who Saw Salvation

Twin of Perez, the Hand That Came First

Seventh Son of Jacob, a Troop Shall Overcome

Son of Jacob, Ancestor of David and Christ

Second Son of Judah, Who Refused His Duty

Ninth Son of Jacob, a Strong Ass Couching Down

The Man of Patience

Tenth Son of Jacob, Who Shall Dwell by the Sea

The One Who Buried Jesus

The Firstborn, Whose Name Means Forgetting

Joseph's Younger Son, Blessed with the Right Hand

Builder of the Ark

Wife of Nahor, Grandmother of Rebekah

Youngest Son of Jacob

Syrian Commander Healed of Leprosy

Fifth Son of Jacob, Whose Name Means Judgement

Eighth Son of Jacob, Whose Bread Shall Be Fat

Wife of Abraham

Sixth Son of Jacob, a Hind Let Loose

Nephew of Abraham

Third Son of Jacob, Father of the Priestly Tribe

Son of Aaron who Offered Strange Fire

Son of Aaron who Offered Strange Fire

First High Priest of the Second Temple
Places in This Chapter

Final encampment before entering Canaan, where Moses gave his final addresses

Jericho, one of the oldest cities in the world, was the first Canaanite city conquered by the Israelites after crossing the Jordan River. Its walls famously fell after the Israelites marched around it for seven days as commanded by God through Joshua. Jesus later passed through Jericho, healing blind Bartimaeus and dining with the tax collector Zacchaeus.

Egypt plays a significant role throughout the Bible, from the time of Abraham to the flight of the Holy Family. Joseph was sold into slavery there and rose to become second to Pharaoh, saving his family during famine. The Israelites were enslaved in Egypt for 400 years before God delivered them through Moses in the Exodus. Jesus' family fled to Egypt to escape King Herod, fulfilling the prophecy "Out of Egypt I called my son."

Canaan was the Promised Land, the territory God promised to Abraham and his descendants. It stretched from the Jordan River to the Mediterranean Sea. The Israelites conquered Canaan under Joshua after the Exodus. The land was divided among the twelve tribes of Israel.

Gilead was a mountainous region east of the Jordan River, known for its healing balm and rich pastures. It was home to the prophet Elijah and the judge Jephthah. Jacob and Laban made their covenant at a cairn of stones they named Galeed (Gilead). The region was allocated to the tribes of Reuben, Gad, and half of Manasseh.

Shechem was an important Canaanite city where Abraham first built an altar after entering the Promised Land. Jacob purchased land here and dug a well. Joseph's bones were buried here after the Exodus. Joshua gathered the tribes at Shechem for a covenant renewal ceremony.

Moab was a region east of the Dead Sea, inhabited by the descendants of Lot's son Moab. Ruth was a Moabite who famously left her homeland to follow Naomi to Bethlehem. Israel often had conflict with Moab, though King David entrusted his parents to the king of Moab for protection.

The Wilderness of Sinai is the desert region where the Israelites wandered for 40 years after their exodus from Egypt, receiving the Law and covenant at Mount Sinai. This barren wilderness became the place of Israel's formation as a nation under God's guidance, where they learned dependence on divine provision through manna and water from the rock.
Position in Book
Second census, laws of inheritance, appointed festivals, vows, war against Midian, and tribal allotments.
Bible Bites
Why 'Numbers' Got Its Name
The book of Numbers is named for the two censuses of Israel - one at Mount Sinai counting 603,550 fighting men and another in Moab nearly 40 years later. The Hebrew title 'Bemidbar' means 'in the wilderness.'
Numbers


