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Genesis 44 - Simple English

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Read Genesis Chapter 44

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1Then Joseph commanded the steward of his house, "Fill the men's sacks with food, as much as they can carry, and put each man's money in the mouth of his sack."

2"And put my cup, the silver cup, in the mouth of the youngest one's sack, along with his money for the grain." And the steward did just as Joseph had said.

3As soon as the morning was light, the men were sent away, they and their donkeys.

4When they had gone out of the city, and were not yet far away, Joseph said to his steward, "Get up and follow the men. When you catch up with them, say to them, 'Why have you paid back evil for good?"

5"'Is this not the cup that my lord drinks from, and the one he uses to divine? You have done evil in doing this.'"

6So he caught up with them, and he spoke these same words to them.

7They said to him, "Why does my lord say such things? God forbid that your servants should do anything like this."

8"Look, the money that we found in the mouths of our sacks we brought back to you from the land of Canaan. How then should we steal silver or gold out of your lord's house?"

9"Whichever of your servants it is found with, let him die, and the rest of us will be my lord's slaves."

10He said, "Let it be as you have said. The man it is found with shall be my servant, and the rest of you shall be blameless."

11Then each man quickly took his sack down to the ground, and each man opened his sack.

12The steward searched them. He began with the eldest and finished with the youngest. And the cup was found in Benjamin's sack.

13Then they tore their clothes, and each man loaded his donkey, and they went back to the city.

14Judah and his brothers came to Joseph's house, for he was still there; and they fell to the ground before him.

15Joseph said to them, "What is this you have done? Do you not know that a man like me can certainly divine?"

16Judah said, "What shall we say to my lord? What shall we speak? How can we clear ourselves? God has found out the wrongdoing of your servants. Look, we are my lord's servants, both we and the one with whom the cup was found."

17But he said, "God forbid that I should do that. The man in whose hand the cup was found, he shall be my servant. As for you, go up in peace to your father."

18Then Judah came near to him and said, "Oh my lord, please let your servant speak a word in my lord's ears, and do not let your anger burn against your servant, for you are like Pharaoh himself."

19"My lord asked his servants, 'Do you have a father, or a brother?'"

20"And we said to my lord, 'We have a father, an old man, and a child of his old age, a young boy. His brother is dead, and he alone is left of his mother's children, and his father loves him.'"

21"And you said to your servants, 'Bring him down to me, so that I may set my eyes on him.'"

22"And we said to my lord, 'The boy cannot leave his father. If he should leave his father, his father would die.'"

23"And you said to your servants, 'Unless your youngest brother comes down with you, you shall not see my face again.'"

24"When we went up to your servant my father, we told him the words of my lord."

25"And our father said, 'Go again, and buy us a little food.'"

26"And we said, 'We cannot go down. If our youngest brother is with us, then we will go down. For we may not see the man's face unless our youngest brother is with us.'"

27"And your servant my father said to us, 'You know that my wife bore me two sons."

28"'One of them went out from me, and I said, Surely he is torn in pieces; and I have not seen him since."

29"'And if you take this one also from me, and harm comes to him, you will bring my gray hairs down to the grave with sorrow.'"

30"So now, if I come to your servant my father and the boy is not with us, since his life is bound up in the boy's life,"

31"then when he sees that the boy is not with us, he will die. And your servants will bring the gray hairs of your servant our father down to the grave with sorrow."

32"For your servant promised my father that the boy would be safe, saying, 'If I do not bring him back to you, then I shall bear the blame before my father for ever.'"

33"So now, please let your servant stay as my lord's slave instead of the boy, and let the boy go up with his brothers."

34"For how can I go up to my father if the boy is not with me? I could not bear to see the evil that would come on my father."

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Explanation

Genesis 44

In short

Joseph plants his silver cup in his youngest brother Benjamin's bag to test whether his brothers will abandon Benjamin as they once abandoned him. When the cup is found, Judah makes an urgent plea to be kept as a slave instead of Benjamin, revealing that their father Jacob would die of grief if Benjamin does not return home.

Context

Joseph is now a powerful official in Egypt. His brothers have come to buy grain during a famine. In earlier encounters, Joseph has hidden his identity from them while watching how they treat each other. This chapter records his final test of their character before he reveals who he is. Judah speaks for the brothers and addresses Joseph directly.

What the text says

Joseph orders his steward to plant his silver cup in Benjamin's sack (verses 1-2). The brothers are sent away, but Joseph's steward catches them and accuses them of theft (verses 3-6). The brothers deny wrongdoing, pointing out they even returned money they found before (verses 7-9). The cup is found in Benjamin's sack (verses 11-12), and the brothers tear their clothes in distress and return to Joseph's house (verse 13).

Joseph then asks what they have done (verse 15). Judah speaks, saying they cannot deny it and offering all the brothers as slaves (verse 16). Joseph refuses, saying only Benjamin must stay (verse 17). Judah then approaches Joseph directly and requests to speak (verse 18). He reminds Joseph of their father Jacob's condition: Jacob has already lost one son and believes him dead (verses 27-28). Jacob said if Benjamin is taken, the loss would kill him (verse 29). Judah says he became responsible for Benjamin to his father (verse 32) and asks to be enslaved instead while Benjamin goes free (verse 33).

Takeaways

  • Judah shows a complete change from the brother who once sold Joseph into slavery by now willing to sacrifice himself for Benjamin's safety.
  • The brothers' love and loyalty to their father and to each other has become more important to them than their own freedom.
  • Joseph's test reveals whether his brothers have truly changed their character since they wronged him years before.

Explanation written with the help of AI. The Bible text above is not changed. Context and interpretation are flagged as such; always come back to the text itself.