The Philistines defeat Israel on Mount Gilboa; Saul's sons Jonathan, Abinadab, and Malchi-shua are killed, and Saul is badly wounded by archers. Saul asks his armor-bearer to kill him lest the uncircumcised abuse him, but when the armor-bearer refuses in fear, Saul falls on his own sword; the armor-bearer does likewise. The next day the Philistines find the bodies, cut off Saul's head, strip his armor for their temple, and fasten the bodies to Beth-shan's wall. When Jabesh-gilead hears—remembering Saul's earlier deliverance—their valiant men march all night, take down the bodies, burn them at Jabesh, bury the bones under the tamarisk tree, and fast seven days.
Read 1 Samuel Chapter 31 Summary
Characters in This Chapter

Last judge and prophet who anointed both Saul and David as kings

First king of Israel, whose disobedience led to his rejection by God

Shepherd boy anointed as future king, man after God's own heart

Saul's son who became David's closest friend despite the rivalry

Samuel's mother who prayed for a son and dedicated him to God
Places in This Chapter

Mount Gilboa is a mountain range in northern Israel overlooking the Jezreel Valley where King Saul and his sons Jonathan, Abinadab, and Malchishua fell in battle against the Philistines. This tragic defeat marked the end of Saul's reign and led to David's heartfelt lament, in which he cursed the mountains to have no dew or rain. The Philistines displayed Saul's body on the walls of nearby Beth-shan.
Position in Book
David anointed, defeats Goliath, friendship with Jonathan, flees from Saul, Saul's death in battle.




