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Read Exodus Chapter 19

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1In the third month, when the children of Israel were gone forth out of the land of Egypt, the same day came they into the wilderness of Sinai.

2For they were departed from Rephidim, and were come to the desert of Sinai, and had pitched in the wilderness; and there Israel camped before the mount.

3And Moses went up unto God, and the LORD called unto him out of the mountain, saying, Thus shalt thou say to the house of Jacob, and tell the children of Israel;

4Ye have seen what I did unto the Egyptians, and how I bare you on eagles' wings, and brought you unto myself.

5Now therefore, if ye will obey my voice indeed, and keep my covenant, then ye shall be a peculiar treasure unto me above all people: for all the earth is mine:

6And ye shall be unto me a kingdom of priests, and an holy nation. These are the words which thou shalt speak unto the children of Israel.

7And Moses came and called for the elders of the people, and laid before their faces all these words which the LORD commanded him.

8And all the people answered together, and said, All that the LORD hath spoken we will do. And Moses returned the words of the people unto the LORD.

9And the LORD said unto Moses, Lo, I come unto thee in a thick cloud, that the people may hear when I speak with thee, and believe thee for ever. And Moses told the words of the people unto the LORD.

10And the LORD said unto Moses, Go unto the people, and sanctify them to day and to morrow, and let them wash their clothes,

11And be ready against the third day: for the third day the LORD will come down in the sight of all the people upon mount Sinai.

12And thou shalt set bounds unto the people round about, saying, Take heed to yourselves, that ye go not up into the mount, or touch the border of it: whosoever toucheth the mount shall be surely put to death:

13There shall not an hand touch it, but he shall surely be stoned, or shot through; whether it be beast or man, it shall not live: when the trumpet soundeth long, they shall come up to the mount.

14And Moses went down from the mount unto the people, and sanctified the people; and they washed their clothes.

15And he said unto the people, Be ready against the third day: come not at your wives.

16And it came to pass on the third day in the morning, that there were thunders and lightnings, and a thick cloud upon the mount, and the voice of the trumpet exceeding loud; so that all the people that was in the camp trembled.

17And Moses brought forth the people out of the camp to meet with God; and they stood at the nether part of the mount.

18And mount Sinai was altogether on a smoke, because the LORD descended upon it in fire: and the smoke thereof ascended as the smoke of a furnace, and the whole mount quaked greatly.

19And when the voice of the trumpet sounded long, and waxed louder and louder, Moses spake, and God answered him by a voice.

20And the LORD came down upon mount Sinai, on the top of the mount: and the LORD called Moses up to the top of the mount; and Moses went up.

21And the LORD said unto Moses, Go down, charge the people, lest they break through unto the LORD to gaze, and many of them perish.

22And let the priests also, which come near to the LORD, sanctify themselves, lest the LORD break forth upon them.

23And Moses said unto the LORD, The people cannot come up to mount Sinai: for thou chargedst us, saying, Set bounds about the mount, and sanctify it.

24And the LORD said unto him, Away, get thee down, and thou shalt come up, thou, and Aaron with thee: but let not the priests and the people break through to come up unto the LORD, lest he break forth upon them.

25So Moses went down unto the people, and spake unto them.

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Explanation

Exodus 19

In short

God meets the Israelites at Mount Sinai and offers them a deal: if they obey Him, they will become His special treasured people and a kingdom of priests. The people agree to this, then God prepares to appear on the mountain with signs of thunder and fire, while warning them to keep their distance.

What the text says

The Israelites reach the wilderness at Mount Sinai three months after leaving Egypt (verse 1). God calls Moses up the mountain and tells him to relay a message to the people (verses 2-3). The message reminds them that God rescued them from Egypt and carried them safely here, then proposes: "if ye will obey my voice indeed, and keep my covenant, then ye shall be a peculiar treasure unto me" (verse 4-5). God adds they will be "a kingdom of priests, and an holy nation" (verse 6). Moses presents this to the elders, and all the people answer together: "All that the LORD hath spoken we will do" (verses 7-8).

God then tells Moses to prepare the people for His arrival in three days (verses 10-11). They must wash their clothes and stay away from the mountain under penalty of death (verses 12-15). On the third day, thunder, lightning, and a loud trumpet sound shake the camp (verse 16). Mount Sinai is covered in smoke and fire as God descends (verse 18). God calls Moses alone to the mountaintop (verse 20) and warns him to keep the people from breaking through to God, "lest many of them perish" (verse 21-24).

Takeaways

  • God offers the people a relationship based on obedience, with status as His special possession and priesthood.
  • The people accept this agreement without hesitation.
  • God's presence is described as overwhelming and dangerous, requiring boundaries to protect the people.

Explanation written with the help of AI. The Bible text above is not changed. Context and interpretation are flagged as such; always come back to the text itself.