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Read Acts Chapter 22

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1Men, brethren, and fathers, hear ye my defence which I make now unto you.

2(And when they heard that he spake in the Hebrew tongue to them, they kept the more silence: and he saith,)

3I am verily a man which am a Jew, born in Tarsus, a city in Cilicia, yet brought up in this city at the feet of Gamaliel, and taught according to the perfect manner of the law of the fathers, and was zealous toward God, as ye all are this day.

4And I persecuted this way unto the death, binding and delivering into prisons both men and women.

5As also the high priest doth bear me witness, and all the estate of the elders: from whom also I received letters unto the brethren, and went to Damascus, to bring them which were there bound unto Jerusalem, for to be punished.

6And it came to pass, that, as I made my journey, and was come nigh unto Damascus about noon, suddenly there shone from heaven a great light round about me.

7And I fell unto the ground, and heard a voice saying unto me, Saul, Saul, why persecutest thou me?

8And I answered, Who art thou, Lord? And he said unto me, I am Jesus of Nazareth, whom thou persecutest.

9And they that were with me saw indeed the light, and were afraid; but they heard not the voice of him that spake to me.

10And I said, What shall I do, Lord? And the Lord said unto me, Arise, and go into Damascus; and there it shall be told thee of all things which are appointed for thee to do.

11And when I could not see for the glory of that light, being led by the hand of them that were with me, I came into Damascus.

12And one Ananias, a devout man according to the law, having a good report of all the Jews which dwelt there,

13Came unto me, and stood, and said unto me, Brother Saul, receive thy sight. And the same hour I looked up upon him.

14And he said, The God of our fathers hath chosen thee, that thou shouldest know his will, and see that Just One, and shouldest hear the voice of his mouth.

15For thou shalt be his witness unto all men of what thou hast seen and heard.

16And now why tarriest thou? arise, and be baptized, and wash away thy sins, calling on the name of the Lord.

17And it came to pass, that, when I was come again to Jerusalem, even while I prayed in the temple, I was in a trance;

18And saw him saying unto me, Make haste, and get thee quickly out of Jerusalem: for they will not receive thy testimony concerning me.

19And I said, Lord, they know that I imprisoned and beat in every synagogue them that believed on thee:

20And when the blood of thy martyr Stephen was shed, I also was standing by, and consenting unto his death, and kept the raiment of them that slew him.

21And he said unto me, Depart: for I will send thee far hence unto the Gentiles.

22And they gave him audience unto this word, and then lifted up their voices, and said, Away with such a fellow from the earth: for it is not fit that he should live.

23And as they cried out, and cast off their clothes, and threw dust into the air,

24The chief captain commanded him to be brought into the castle, and bade that he should be examined by scourging; that he might know wherefore they cried so against him.

25And as they bound him with thongs, Paul said unto the centurion that stood by, Is it lawful for you to scourge a man that is a Roman, and uncondemned?

26When the centurion heard that, he went and told the chief captain, saying, Take heed what thou doest: for this man is a Roman.

27Then the chief captain came, and said unto him, Tell me, art thou a Roman? He said, Yea.

28And the chief captain answered, With a great sum obtained I this freedom. And Paul said, But I was free born.

29Then straightway they departed from him which should have examined him: and the chief captain also was afraid, after he knew that he was a Roman, and because he had bound him.

30On the morrow, because he would have known the certainty wherefore he was accused of the Jews, he loosed him from his bands, and commanded the chief priests and all their council to appear, and brought Paul down, and set him before them.

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Explanation

Acts 22

In short

Paul stands before an angry crowd in Jerusalem and tells them his life story. He explains how he once hunted down believers but met the risen Jesus, which changed everything, and how Jesus sent him to preach to non-Jews. When Paul mentions non-Jews, the crowd becomes violent, but Paul's Roman citizenship saves him from torture.

What the text says

Paul asks the crowd to hear his defense, speaking to them in Hebrew (verse 1-2). He establishes his Jewish background: born in Tarsus, educated under a respected teacher named Gamaliel, and zealous for God just as they are (verse 3). He had persecuted followers of Jesus, putting men and women in prison with approval from the high priest and elders (verses 4-5).

On his way to Damascus, a blinding light from heaven surrounded him at noon (verse 6). He fell and heard a voice asking why he was persecuting Jesus (verses 7-8). Those traveling with him saw the light but did not hear the voice (verse 9). Jesus told him to go to Damascus, where he would learn what God had planned for him (verse 10). The light's brightness made him blind, so others led him into the city (verse 11).

A man named Ananias, respected and faithful to Jewish law, visited him, and Paul regained his sight (verses 12-13). Ananias said God had chosen Paul to know His will and see "that Just One" and hear His voice (verse 14). Paul would be a witness to everyone of what he had seen and heard (verse 15). Ananias told him to rise, be baptized, and have his sins washed away by calling on the Lord's name (verse 16).

Back in Jerusalem while praying in the temple, Paul had a vision and heard Jesus tell him to leave quickly because Jerusalem would not accept his testimony (verses 17-18). Paul objected, reminding Jesus of his former role in imprisoning believers and his approval of Stephen's death (verses 19-20). Jesus replied, "Depart: for I will send thee far hence unto the Gentiles" (verse 21).

At the word "Gentiles," the crowd erupted, shouting that Paul should be killed (verse 22). They cried out and threw dust in the air (verse 23). The military commander ordered Paul brought to the fortress and prepared to question him by flogging (verse 24). As soldiers bound Paul, he asked the centurion if it was legal to flog a Roman citizen without trial (verse 25). The centurion reported this to the chief captain (verse 26). The captain asked Paul if he was Roman, and Paul confirmed it (verses 27). The captain said he obtained his Roman citizenship by paying a large sum; Paul said he was born a citizen (verse 28). Those about to flog him left immediately, and the captain became afraid (verse 29). The next day, the captain released Paul's chains and brought him before the Jewish council to learn why the Jews accused him (verse 30).

Takeaways

  • Paul's testimony centers on his dramatic encounter with Jesus and his complete reversal from persecutor to witness.
  • The mention of preaching to non-Jews triggered violent rejection from the Jewish crowd.
  • Paul's Roman citizenship halted the military punishment and forced his accusers to proceed through proper legal channels.

Explanation written with the help of AI. The Bible text above is not changed. Context and interpretation are flagged as such; always come back to the text itself.