Updated on

Read 1 Samuel Chapter 22

Up and down arrows move from one verse to the next.

1David therefore departed thence, and escaped to the cave Adullam: and when his brethren and all his father's house heard it, they went down thither to him.

2And every one that was in distress, and every one that was in debt, and every one that was discontented, gathered themselves unto him; and he became a captain over them: and there were with him about four hundred men.

3And David went thence to Mizpeh of Moab: and he said unto the king of Moab, Let my father and my mother, I pray thee, come forth, and be with you, till I know what God will do for me.

4And he brought them before the king of Moab: and they dwelt with him all the while that David was in the hold.

5And the prophet Gad said unto David, Abide not in the hold; depart, and get thee into the land of Judah. Then David departed, and came into the forest of Hareth.

6When Saul heard that David was discovered, and the men that were with him, (now Saul abode in Gibeah under a tree in Ramah, having his spear in his hand, and all his servants were standing about him;)

7Then Saul said unto his servants that stood about him, Hear now, ye Benjamites; will the son of Jesse give every one of you fields and vineyards, and make you all captains of thousands, and captains of hundreds;

8That all of you have conspired against me, and there is none that sheweth me that my son hath made a league with the son of Jesse, and there is none of you that is sorry for me, or sheweth unto me that my son hath stirred up my servant against me, to lie in wait, as at this day?

9Then answered Doeg the Edomite, which was set over the servants of Saul, and said, I saw the son of Jesse coming to Nob, to Ahimelech the son of Ahitub.

10And he enquired of the LORD for him, and gave him victuals, and gave him the sword of Goliath the Philistine.

11Then the king sent to call Ahimelech the priest, the son of Ahitub, and all his father's house, the priests that were in Nob: and they came all of them to the king.

12And Saul said, Hear now, thou son of Ahitub. And he answered, Here I am, my lord.

13And Saul said unto him, Why have ye conspired against me, thou and the son of Jesse, in that thou hast given him bread, and a sword, and hast enquired of God for him, that he should rise against me, to lie in wait, as at this day?

14Then Ahimelech answered the king, and said, And who is so faithful among all thy servants as David, which is the king's son in law, and goeth at thy bidding, and is honourable in thine house?

15Did I then begin to enquire of God for him? be it far from me: let not the king impute any thing unto his servant, nor to all the house of my father: for thy servant knew nothing of all this, less or more.

16And the king said, Thou shalt surely die, Ahimelech, thou, and all thy father's house.

17And the king said unto the footmen that stood about him, Turn, and slay the priests of the LORD; because their hand also is with David, and because they knew when he fled, and did not shew it to me. But the servants of the king would not put forth their hand to fall upon the priests of the LORD.

18And the king said to Doeg, Turn thou, and fall upon the priests. And Doeg the Edomite turned, and he fell upon the priests, and slew on that day fourscore and five persons that did wear a linen ephod.

19And Nob, the city of the priests, smote he with the edge of the sword, both men and women, children and sucklings, and oxen, and asses, and sheep, with the edge of the sword.

20And one of the sons of Ahimelech the son of Ahitub, named Abiathar, escaped, and fled after David.

21And Abiathar shewed David that Saul had slain the LORD'S priests.

22And David said unto Abiathar, I knew it that day, when Doeg the Edomite was there, that he would surely tell Saul: I have occasioned the death of all the persons of thy father's house.

23Abide thou with me, fear not: for he that seeketh my life seeketh thy life: but with me thou shalt be in safeguard.

You are readingKing James Version

Explanation

1 Samuel 22

In short

David, fleeing from King Saul, gathers supporters in a cave and finds refuge for his family in another country. When Saul learns David visited a priest, he suspects everyone of treason and orders the death of all the priests. His guards refuse, but another man carries out the killing, and David grieves knowing he caused their deaths.

What the text says

David escapes to the cave of Adullam, and people in trouble gather to him: those in distress, in debt, or discontented (verses 1-2). He takes his parents to the king of Moab for safety (verses 3-4). A prophet tells him to leave and go to the forest of Hareth instead (verse 5). Saul hears David is found and accuses his servants of disloyalty, suggesting David will reward them better (verses 6-8). A man named Doeg tells Saul he saw David at Nob with a priest named Ahimelech, who gave him food and Goliath's sword and asked God for him (verses 9-10). Saul summons Ahimelech and all the priests (verse 11). Saul accuses them of helping David against him (verse 13). Ahimelech defends himself, saying David is the king's son-in-law and trustworthy (verse 14-15). Saul sentences them to death (verse 16). The king's guards refuse to kill the priests (verse 17). Doeg does it instead, killing eighty-five priests (verse 18) and destroying the whole city of Nob including women, children, and animals (verse 19). Only one priest, Abiathar, escapes to David (verse 20-21). David admits he knew this would happen and blames himself for all the deaths (verse 22). He tells Abiathar to stay with him, where he will be safe (verse 23).

Takeaways

  • David's presence, though he acts innocently, brings deadly consequences to others.
  • Even Saul's own guards will not obey an order to murder priests, showing limits to loyalty.
  • David accepts responsibility for harm done through no direct action of his own.

Explanation written with the help of AI. The Bible text above is not changed. Context and interpretation are flagged as such; always come back to the text itself.